Substation Partial Discharge / Corona Survey

Find Insulation Failures Before They Take the Line Down

Corona and surface tracking emit ultrasound long before they arc. Using acoustic imaging with PDQ Mode, we locate and classify discharge on live, energized equipment — no shutdown required, no enclosure opened.

Invizions technician in a hard hat aiming a handheld Fluke acoustic imager at energized 138 kV switchgear during an outdoor substation partial discharge survey

Live 138 kV survey — equipment energized and in service throughout

What Is Partial Discharge?

Partial discharge is a small electrical breakdown that jumps part of the way across an insulation gap without fully bridging it. Instead of tripping a breaker, it quietly chips away at the insulating material — across a dirty insulator surface, inside a void in a bushing, or off a sharp edge into the air.

Each of those tiny discharges releases a burst of ultrasound well above human hearing. That is what makes the condition detectable: the equipment looks and sounds normal, and often runs at a normal temperature, but it is broadcasting a signature that an acoustic imager can see and locate.

Left alone, the damage compounds. What starts as faint tracking on a switch insulator ends as a flashover, a forced outage, and a replacement on someone else's schedule.

Discharge types we classify

External / Corona
Ionization of the air around sharp edges, damaged conductors, or loose hardware.
Surface Tracking
Carbonized paths forming across contaminated insulator and bushing surfaces — the most common finding in outdoor substations.
Internal
Discharge inside voids in solid or cast insulation, hidden from any visual inspection.

Why It Matters

Unplanned Outage Risk

Partial discharge erodes insulation for months before it flashes over. Finding it early turns an emergency callout into a scheduled repair.

Equipment Life Extension

Bushings, insulators, and switches degrade fastest once discharge begins. Correcting it early preserves the remaining service life of the asset.

Arc-Flash Safety

Detection is non-contact and performed from a safe working distance, so nobody opens an energized enclosure to find the problem.

NFPA 70B Compliance

Documented condition assessments of energized equipment support your Electrical Maintenance Program and insurance requirements.

How We Test

The survey happens while your substation stays online. Everything below is performed from ground level or an approved working position, with no contact to energized parts.

Close-up of a Fluke ii910 acoustic imager screen held overhead, showing the PDQ Mode overlay pinpointing a partial discharge source on an energized substation switch with the frequency scale alongside

PDQ Mode overlay pinpointing the discharge source on an energized switch.

  1. 01

    Walk the yard under load

    A certified technician surveys the substation with a Fluke ii910 acoustic imager while equipment stays energized and in service. No outage, no de-energization, no production impact.

  2. 02

    Non-contact detection at a safe distance

    The imager localizes ultrasonic emissions visually — overlaying the acoustic source directly on the camera image — so switches, bushings, and bus work are assessed from outside the approach boundary.

  3. 03

    Capture and classify per asset

    For every indication we log pulse count per minute, sound pressure level at the sensor and at the source, distance, operating voltage, ambient temperature and humidity, then classify the discharge type in PDQ Mode.

  4. 04

    Report with prioritized findings

    Each asset is documented with its acoustic image, PRPD plot, and discharge classification, so your crews know exactly what to address and in what order.

Report excerpt

A Sample Finding

Every indication is documented like this — asset data, acoustic capture, discharge classification, and the phase-resolved plot behind the call.

Acoustic imager capture showing the localized partial discharge indication on the 138-2 center switch at the north substation

Capture: Sample_260721121242 — 138-2 center switch, north substation

Partial discharge survey finding details for the 138-2 center switch
Asset ID138-2 center switch
LocationNorth substation
Operating Voltage138,000 V
Discharge TypeTracking
Pulse Count / Min13,709
SPL at Source53.22 dB
Conditions70 °F / 80% RH, overcast

Discharge type classification

Tracking
54%
External
45%
Internal
0%
Other
1%
PRPD plot — pulse activity clustered at both AC zero crossings, consistent with surface tracking rather than external corona.

What You Get

You receive a written report for each site, prepared and signed by the certified consultant who performed the survey. Every indication is presented with its asset ID and location, the acoustic capture, the measured pulse and sound pressure data, the environmental conditions at the time of the reading, and the PDQ Mode discharge classification with its supporting PRPD plot.

The format is built to be handed straight to the people who need it — your maintenance crews, your insurance carrier, and your regulator — as documented evidence of a condition assessment performed on energized equipment.

Every report includes

  • Per-asset findings with asset ID, location, and operating voltage
  • Pulse count per minute and sound pressure level at sensor and source
  • Ambient temperature, humidity, and weather conditions at capture
  • PDQ Mode discharge type classification percentages
  • Phase-resolved partial discharge (PRPD) plot per indication
  • Certified technician sign-off and equipment used

25+

Years in predictive maintenance

Level III

Certified thermography staff

Fluke ii910

Acoustic imaging platform

3

Core sectors: utilities, manufacturing, data centers

Ready to find problems before they find you?

Tell us about your substation and we will scope a partial discharge survey around your operating schedule — no outage required.

Invizions, Inc. — 2519 State Route 61 South, Norwalk, Ohio 44857 · Office 419.663.8621